3/25/2023 0 Comments Battle of tannenberg outcomeThey encompass the many conceivable changes-intended, unintended, positive, negative, direct, indirect-within a complex system that result from acts taken or not taken. This article uses the current joint doctrine definition that an effect is “a physical and/or behavioral state of a system that results from an action, a set of actions, or another effect.” As the consequence of tasks, effects are more complicated than just the achievement of a desired objective. Effects-based thinking has enduring utility within operational design demonstrated by three World War I campaigns: The German 1914 Western Offensive, The German 1914 Eastern Offensive, and the British 1917 Palestine-Sinai Campaign. Today effects are used to conceptualize the link between objectives and tasks and are used to formalize observation and consideration of the direct, indirect, intended, and unintended consequences of military actions on objective attainment. While joint doctrine and most service-specific doctrines have banished EBO as a concept, effects remain one of the elements of operational design. However, Israel’s poor performance in its 2006 war with Hezbollah and our own performance in the first five years of Iraq led to the growing conclusion that the complex, unpredictable environment of war cannot be sufficiently comprehended to practice EBO in the first place. EBO advocates claimed it was possible to thoroughly comprehend the adversary as a system, or system of systems, target critical nodes throughout all levels of the adversary organization and create systemic failure and collapse. Joint Doctrine, promising an omniscient understanding of the adversary and how to produce its defeat. While joint doctrine and most service-specific doctrines have banished EBO as a concept, effects remain one of the elements of operational design.įor a time, effects and Effects-Based Operations (EBO) were at the center of U.S.
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